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2025-11-13 14:29:03 +08:00
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#!/bin/bash
# 多方案端口检测脚本
# 用法: ./port_check.sh IP地址 端口号 [超时时间]
# 一键网络检测脚本
# 功能：自动安装依赖 + 多方案检测 + 详细报告
TARGET_HOST="${1}"
TARGET_PORT="${2}"
TIMEOUT="${3:-5}" # 默认超时5秒
set -e
# 颜色定义
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
BLUE='\033[0;34m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color
PURPLE='\033[0;35m'
CYAN='\033[0;36m'
NC='\033[0m'
# 日志函数
log_info() {
echo -e "${BLUE}[INFO]${NC} $1"
log() {
echo -e "${BLUE}[$(date '+%H:%M:%S')]${NC} $1"
}
log_success() {
echo -e "${GREEN}[SUCCESS]${NC} $1"
success() {
echo -e "${GREEN}✓${NC} $1"
}
log_warning() {
echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARNING]${NC} $1"
warning() {
echo -e "${YELLOW}⚠${NC} $1"
}
log_error() {
echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1"
error() {
echo -e "${RED}✗${NC} $1"
}
# 检查依赖工具
check_dependencies() {
local tools=("nc" "telnet" "curl" "timeout" "nmap")
local missing=()
info() {
echo -e "${CYAN}ℹ${NC} $1"
}
# 检查系统类型
detect_os() {
if [ -f /etc/os-release ]; then
. /etc/os-release
OS=$ID
else
OS=$(uname -s)
fi
log "检测到系统: $OS"
}
# 安装依赖工具
install_dependencies() {
log "检查并安装必要的网络工具..."
local tools=("curl" "wget" "netcat" "telnet" "nmap" "traceroute")
local to_install=()
# 检查缺失的工具
for tool in "${tools[@]}"; do
if ! command -v "$tool" &> /dev/null; then
missing+=("$tool")
to_install+=("$tool")
fi
done
if [ ${#missing[@]} -gt 0 ]; then
log_warning "以下工具未安装: ${missing[*]}"
log_info "部分检测功能可能受限"
if [ ${#to_install[@]} -eq 0 ]; then
success "所有必要工具已安装"
return 0
fi
}
# 方案1: 使用nc (netcat) 检测端口
check_with_nc() {
log_info "方案1: 使用 netcat 检测端口..."
info "需要安装的工具: ${to_install[*]}"
if command -v nc &> /dev/null; then
if timeout "$TIMEOUT" nc -z -w "$TIMEOUT" "$TARGET_HOST" "$TARGET_PORT" &> /dev/null; then
log_success "nc检测: 端口 $TARGET_PORT 可达"
return 0
else
log_error "nc检测: 端口 $TARGET_PORT 不可达"
return 1
fi
else
log_warning "nc 未安装，跳过此方案"
return 2
fi
}
# 方案2: 使用telnet检测端口
check_with_telnet() {
log_info "方案2: 使用 telnet 检测端口..."
if command -v telnet &> /dev/null; then
# 创建telnet命令脚本
local telnet_cmd="echo 'quit' | timeout $TIMEOUT telnet $TARGET_HOST $TARGET_PORT"
if eval "$telnet_cmd" 2>&1 | grep -q "Connected\|Escape character"; then
log_success "telnet检测: 端口 $TARGET_PORT 可达"
return 0
else
log_error "telnet检测: 端口 $TARGET_PORT 不可达"
return 1
fi
else
log_warning "telnet 未安装，跳过此方案"
return 2
fi
}
# 方案3: 使用curl检测HTTP/HTTPS端口
check_with_curl() {
log_info "方案3: 使用 curl 检测HTTP服务..."
if command -v curl &> /dev/null; then
local protocols=("http" "https")
for proto in "${protocols[@]}"; do
log_info "尝试 $proto 协议..."
if timeout "$TIMEOUT" curl -s -I "${proto}://${TARGET_HOST}:${TARGET_PORT}/" &> /dev/null; then
log_success "curl检测: $proto 服务在端口 $TARGET_PORT 可达"
return 0
case $OS in
ubuntu|debian)
apt update
apt install -y "${to_install[@]}"
;;
centos|rhel|fedora)
if command -v dnf &> /dev/null; then
dnf install -y "${to_install[@]}"
else
yum install -y "${to_install[@]}"
fi
done
log_error "curl检测: HTTP/HTTPS服务在端口 $TARGET_PORT 不可达"
return 1
else
log_warning "curl 未安装，跳过此方案"
return 2
fi
}
# 方案4: 使用nmap检测端口
check_with_nmap() {
log_info "方案4: 使用 nmap 检测端口..."
if command -v nmap &> /dev/null; then
if timeout "$TIMEOUT" nmap -p "$TARGET_PORT" "$TARGET_HOST" 2>&1 | grep -q "$TARGET_PORT/tcp open"; then
log_success "nmap检测: 端口 $TARGET_PORT 开放"
return 0
else
log_error "nmap检测: 端口 $TARGET_PORT 关闭"
;;
alpine)
apk add "${to_install[@]}"
;;
*)
warning "未知系统，请手动安装以下工具: ${to_install[*]}"
return 1
fi
else
log_warning "nmap 未安装，跳过此方案"
return 2
fi
;;
esac
success "工具安装完成"
}
# 方案5: 使用/dev/tcp检测 (bash内置)
check_with_bash_tcp() {
log_info "方案5: 使用 bash /dev/tcp 检测..."
# 基础网络检测
basic_network_check() {
log "执行基础网络检测..."
if timeout "$TIMEOUT" bash -c "echo > /dev/tcp/$TARGET_HOST/$TARGET_PORT" &> /dev/null; then
log_success "bash /dev/tcp检测: 端口 $TARGET_PORT 可达"
return 0
# 检测DNS
if nslookup google.com &> /dev/null; then
success "DNS解析正常"
else
log_error "bash /dev/tcp检测: 端口 $TARGET_PORT 不可达"
return 1
error "DNS解析失败"
fi
}
# 方案6: 使用ping检测主机可达性
check_ping() {
log_info "方案6: 检测主机网络连通性..."
# 检测网关
if ip route show default &> /dev/null; then
local gateway=$(ip route show default | awk '/default/ {print $3}')
success "默认网关: $gateway"
if ping -c 2 -W 2 "$TARGET_HOST" &> /dev/null; then
log_success "ping检测: 主机 $TARGET_HOST 网络可达"
return 0
else
log_error "ping检测: 主机 $TARGET_HOST 网络不可达"
return 1
fi
}
# 主检测函数
main_check() {
log_info "开始检测 $TARGET_HOST:$TARGET_PORT ..."
log_info "超时时间: $TIMEOUT 秒"
echo "========================================"
# 检查依赖
check_dependencies
echo "----------------------------------------"
local results=()
local methods=("check_with_nc" "check_with_telnet" "check_with_curl" "check_with_nmap" "check_with_bash_tcp")
# 先检查主机连通性
if ! check_ping; then
log_error "主机网络不可达，可能无法连接端口"
fi
echo "----------------------------------------"
# 执行各种检测方法
for method in "${methods[@]}"; do
if $method; then
results+=("$method: 成功")
# ping网关
if ping -c 2 -W 1 "$gateway" &> /dev/null; then
success "网关连通性正常"
else
case $? in
1) results+=("$method: 失败") ;;
2) results+=("$method: 跳过") ;;
esac
error "网关无法连通"
fi
echo "----------------------------------------"
done
fi
# 汇总结果
log_info "检测结果汇总:"
for result in "${results[@]}"; do
echo " - $result"
# 检测外网
if ping -c 2 -W 3 8.8.8.8 &> /dev/null; then
success "外网连通性正常"
else
error "外网无法连通"
fi
}
# 端口检测函数
check_port() {
local host=$1
local port=$2
local timeout=$3
log "检测 $host:$port ..."
# 方法1: nc
if command -v nc &> /dev/null; then
if timeout "$timeout" nc -z -w "$timeout" "$host" "$port" &> /dev/null; then
success "nc检测: 端口 $port 开放"
return 0
fi
fi
# 方法2: telnet
if command -v telnet &> /dev/null; then
if echo "quit" | timeout "$timeout" telnet "$host" "$port" 2>&1 | grep -q "Connected\|Escape character"; then
success "telnet检测: 端口 $port 开放"
return 0
fi
fi
# 方法3: /dev/tcp
if timeout "$timeout" bash -c "echo > /dev/tcp/$host/$port" &> /dev/null; then
success "bash检测: 端口 $port 开放"
return 0
fi
# 方法4: nmap
if command -v nmap &> /dev/null; then
if nmap -p "$port" "$host" 2>&1 | grep -q "$port/tcp open"; then
success "nmap检测: 端口 $port 开放"
return 0
fi
fi
error "所有方法检测: 端口 $port 关闭"
return 1
}
# HTTP服务检测
check_http_service() {
local host=$1
local port=$2
log "检测HTTP服务..."
# 尝试HTTP
if curl -s -I --connect-timeout 5 "http://$host:$port/" &> /dev/null; then
success "HTTP服务正常 (http://$host:$port)"
return 0
fi
# 尝试HTTPS
if curl -s -I --connect-timeout 5 "https://$host:$port/" &> /dev/null; then
success "HTTPS服务正常 (https://$host:$port)"
return 0
fi
error "HTTP/HTTPS服务无法访问"
return 1
}
# 路由跟踪
trace_route() {
local host=$1
log "执行路由跟踪..."
if command -v traceroute &> /dev/null; then
traceroute -w 1 -q 1 -m 15 "$host" | head -20
elif command -v tracepath &> /dev/null; then
tracepath "$host" | head -10
else
warning "未找到路由跟踪工具"
fi
}
# 批量端口扫描
scan_common_ports() {
local host=$1
log "扫描常用端口..."
local common_ports=(21 22 23 25 53 80 110 143 443 465 587 993 995 1433 1521 3306 3389 5432 5900 6379 27017)
for port in "${common_ports[@]}"; do
if timeout 2 bash -c "echo > /dev/tcp/$host/$port" 2>/dev/null; then
success "端口 $port 开放"
fi
done
}
# 使用说明
usage() {
echo "多方案端口检测脚本"
echo "用法: $0 <IP地址/域名> <端口号> [超时时间]"
# 显示网络信息
show_network_info() {
log "系统网络信息:"
echo "=== IP地址 ==="
ip addr show | grep -E "inet |inet6 " | grep -v "127.0.0.1" || true
echo "=== 路由表 ==="
ip route show | head -10
echo "=== 监听端口 ==="
ss -tulpn | head -20
}
# 主函数
main() {
echo -e "${PURPLE}"
echo "=========================================="
echo " 一键网络检测脚本"
echo "=========================================="
echo -e "${NC}"
# 参数处理
local target_host=""
local target_port=""
if [ $# -ge 1 ]; then
target_host=$1
fi
if [ $# -ge 2 ]; then
target_port=$2
fi
# 如果没有指定目标，使用交互式输入
if [ -z "$target_host" ]; then
info "请输入要检测的目标地址:"
read -r target_host
fi
# 系统检测和依赖安装
detect_os
install_dependencies
echo
log "开始网络检测..."
echo
# 显示本地网络信息
show_network_info
echo
# 基础网络检测
basic_network_check
echo
# 如果指定了目标主机
if [ -n "$target_host" ]; then
# 路由跟踪
trace_route "$target_host"
echo
# 批量端口扫描
scan_common_ports "$target_host"
echo
# 如果指定了端口
if [ -n "$target_port" ]; then
check_port "$target_host" "$target_port" 5
echo
check_http_service "$target_host" "$target_port"
echo
fi
# 交互式端口检测
info "是否进行自定义端口检测? (y/n)"
read -r choice
if [ "$choice" = "y" ] || [ "$choice" = "Y" ]; then
while true; do
info "请输入要检测的端口 (输入 'q' 退出):"
read -r custom_port
if [ "$custom_port" = "q" ]; then
break
fi
if [[ "$custom_port" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]]; then
check_port "$target_host" "$custom_port" 5
echo
else
error "端口号必须是数字"
fi
done
fi
fi
echo
success "网络检测完成!"
info "检测报告已生成，请查看上方结果"
}
# 脚本帮助
show_help() {
echo "用法: $0 [目标地址] [端口]"
echo
echo "示例:"
echo " $0 google.com 80"
echo " $0 192.168.1.1 22 10"
echo " $0 example.com 443 3"
echo " $0 # 交互式检测"
echo " $0 google.com # 检测指定域名"
echo " $0 192.168.1.1 80 # 检测指定IP和端口"
echo " $0 example.com 443 # 检测HTTPS服务"
echo
echo "功能:"
echo " - 自动安装网络检测工具"
echo " - 基础网络连通性检测"
echo " - 端口扫描和服务检测"
echo " - 路由跟踪和网络诊断"
}
# 参数检查
if [ $# -lt 2 ]; then
usage
exit 1
fi
# 运行主检测
main_check
# 参数处理
case "${1:-}" in
-h|--help|help)
show_help
exit 0
;;
*)
main "$@"
;;
esac